科学家们说，如果病人在手术前曾食用过土豆、茄子或西红柿，其体内就会残留SGAS这种物质。这样医生为病人使用的麻醉剂就有不能被正常分解的可能，从而会延长病人的苏醒时间，影响病人康复的速度。作者: dxw5200 时间: 2009-1-8 18:42
天呢
真的假的啊
看来以后术前访视是又得加一项内容啊:P作者: remifen 时间: 2009-1-8 20:16
都是家常菜呀！那研究结果有没有量化SGAS指标呢？怎样得到证实的呢作者: hotdog100 时间: 2009-1-8 20:32
真的假的？要有确实证据啊作者: 1001 时间: 2009-1-8 21:50
Potatoes prolong anesthetic action
Certain foods can impede recovery after surgery
October 20, 1998
The foods you eat, even several days prior to surgery, may alter how your body will react to anesthesia, report researchers from the University of Chicago Medical Center at the American Society of Anesthesiologists annual meeting in Orlando, Florida.
Physicians have long been puzzled as to why patients respond in surprisingly different and often unpredictable ways to many anesthetics or muscle relaxants. This finding is one of the first to demonstrate a connection between food and the metabolism of anesthetics. (Earlier studies found that chemicals found in grapefruit juice could extend the bioavailability of several drugs, including several sedatives.)
"Our results bring us one step closer to understanding why patients vary so widely in their sensitivity to certain anesthetic drugs," said Jonathan Moss, MD, PhD, professor of anesthesia and critical care at the University of Chicago, and director of the study. "We now suspect that much of the variability may be due to diet."
Anesthesiologists make initial dosing decisions based primarily on age, weight and height, liver and kidney function--but "those are only part of the picture," Dr. Moss said. "We need to fill in the rest--including genetic, and now, dietary factors. Only then can we predetermine the best dose of drugs to prevent pain and anxiety during an operation, but leave the patient awake and alert soon afterwards."
This is becoming increasingly important as more operations shift from inpatient procedures allowing several days for recovery to the outpatient arena with, at most, a few hours to recuperate.
This pre-clinical study suggests that ingesting even small amounts of natural substances found in potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants can markedly delay the metabolism of common anesthetic drugs.
These foods contain compounds called solanaceous glycoalkaloids (SGAs), which act as natural insecticides, protecting plants from the animals, insects or fungi that attack them.
Potatoes, for example, ordinarily produce high levels of SGAs only in their leaves, stems, and sprouts. When damaged or exposed to light, however, the edible part--the tuber--produces glycoalkaloids. (Tubers exposed to light also produce chlorophyll, which can give the potato a greenish tint, a warning sign of high SGA content.)
Potato SGAs, which are not altered by cooking, have caused serious illness and even death in humans and livestock, notes Dr. Moss. Consequently, the U.S. Department of Agriculture monitors glycoalkaloid levels in potato crops and has banned certain potato varieties because of their unsafe levels.
In laboratory experiments, the researchers found that even in tiny amounts, SGAs slow the breakdown of many commonly used anesthetics and muscle relaxants, including established drugs as well as many of the newer short-acting anesthetics.
Glycoalkaloids interfere with anesthesia by inhibiting two important enzymes found in humans--and all vertebrates. The first (butyrylcholinesterase or BuChE) is found in blood. Although its normal function is unclear, BuChE is responsible for the breakdown of many anesthetic agents, as well as other compounds such as heroin and cocaine.
The other (acetylcholinesterase or AChE) breaks down acetylcholine, a chemical used to transmit signals from motor nerves to muscles.
Of the more than 10,000 known toxins produced by plants, SGAs are the only ones that inhibit both AChE and BuChE. These plant toxins appear to be particularly effective at inhibiting BuChE in humans. Moreover, it takes several days for humans to eliminate ingested SGAs.
When these two enzymes are inactivated, the body cannot break down and get rid of certain commonly used anesthetics and muscle relaxants; so they continue to act long after they should have worn off.
Dr. Moss--working with colleague Daniel McGehee, PhD, assistant professor of anesthesia and critical care, and medical/graduate student Matthew Krasowski--found that blood levels of SGAs typical after eating moderate amounts of ordinary potatoes days before can significantly block these two human enzymes in the test tube.
This may help explain why the dosing models of many anesthetic agents are often off by as much as 50 to 100 percent, said Dr. Moss. It also emphasizes the need for skilled anesthesia monitoring of each patient.
Curiously, the presence of SGAs in food appears to have permanently altered some people's response to anesthesia by encouraging the persistence and spread of altered forms of the gene for BuChE.
The current laboratory research grew out of a literature search by Dr. Moss and colleagues to prepare a 1997 review article. The review pulled together studies from many labs on an increased frequency of mutant forms of this enzyme in geographic regions that have historically consumed foods high in SGAs. For example, some Middle Eastern ethnic groups that eat a lot of eggplant have a high frequency of variant genes for this enzyme.
Although these variations are less susceptible to SGAs, they are also less effective at breaking down anesthetics. A laboratory test can predict which patients will metabolize drugs slowly because of this genetic shift, but it would not be practical to test patients for SGA levels immediately before surgery, said Dr. Moss. He adds, however, that "people who design new medications should begin to look for systems that don't rely on this enzyme to regulate drug metabolism."
Summary
Certain foods, such as potatoes and eggplants, contain chemicals that even in small amounts can slow down the metabolism of common anesthetic drugs. Foods eaten days before surgery could significantly delay recovery. Much of the wide variation in sensitivity to certain anesthetics may thus be due to diet.
The University of Chicago Medical Center
Office of Medical Center Communications
850 E. 58th Street, Room 106, MC6063
Chicago, IL 60637
Phone (773) 702-6241 Fax (773) 702-3171作者: syblion 时间: 2009-1-8 23:14
还真有出处呢！开眼了，以后可以提醒一些年老体弱的患者。:handshake作者: 943860308 时间: 2009-1-9 13:29
让病人在手术前一星期内禁吃土豆、茄子、西红柿这三种蔬菜，我们确实没法做到，也不可能全都做到，所以禁食以上蔬菜没有实际意义。作者: 西凡 时间: 2009-1-9 18:12
增加点见识:handshake作者: rushui 时间: 2009-1-9 20:32
可以参考，要是再遇到苏醒延迟的病人，得问问病人家属病人是不是平时很喜欢吃土豆，茄子，西红柿。:)作者: 醒不来？ 时间: 2009-1-18 16:15
又长见识了，不过实际的临床意义不大啊，我们这大家最爱吃土豆啦，呵呵作者: cjf555 时间: 2009-1-19 10:46
我觉得不是禁食的问题，而是要注意喜欢吃这三种蔬菜，有这种倾向的
可能其体内的酶，内环境会有所差异，而带来药物代谢上的差异作者: joojoo 时间: 2009-1-21 11:48
长见识了，回去和病人做宣教作者: fantasy8beyond 时间: 2009-1-23 16:42
土豆 茄子 西红柿 西方人也经常吃，研究的挺透彻，其他的呢？菠菜 芹菜 油麦菜 蒜苔 西葫芦之类的呢？作者: wwwsunsea 时间: 2009-2-23 12:09
既然有这种说法，那就尽可能告知病人。potato，tomato，eggplant尽量避免食用。作者: 小麻将123 时间: 2017-8-6 17:37
得会不是肉类，要不得疯不少。作者: 我爱月亮 时间: 2018-8-6 11:53
又长见识了，我们确实没法做到，也不可能全都做到，所以禁食以上蔬菜没有实际意义。作者: 张小春1 时间: 2018-9-30 21:12
这个增长点见识 但意义确实不是很大