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RE: 科室病例讨论:先心,ASD
回复 5# abu770211
心脏手术引起的急性肾功能损伤多是由于肾前因素引起的。
The myriad causes of acute kidney injury are commonly categorised into prerenal, intrinsic, and postrenal.
[edit] Prerenal
Prerenal causes of AKI are those that decrease effective blood flow to the kidney. These include systemic causes, such as low blood volume, low blood pressure, and heart failure, as well as local changes to the blood vessels supplying the kidney. The latter include renal artery stenosis, which is a narrowing of the renal artery that supplies the kidney, and renal vein thrombosis, which is the formation of a blood clot in the renal vein that drains blood from the kidney.
[edit] Intrinsic
Sources of damage to the kidney itself are dubbed intrinsic. Intrinsic AKI can be due to damage to the glomeruli, renal tubules, or interstitium. Common causes of each are glomerulonephritis, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), respectively.
[edit] Postrenal
Postrenal AKI is a consequence of urinary tract obstruction. This may be related to benign prostatic hyperplasia, kidney stones, or an obstructed urinary catheter.
-----------------WIKIPEDIA
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) remains a major postoperative complication and leads to considerable morbidity and related mortality.
Stafford-Smith M, Shaw A, Swaminathan M. Cardiac surgery and acute kidney injury: emerging concepts. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2009;15(6):498-502. |
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