[期刊导读] AAS：硬膜外麻醉的严重并发症

南粤麻医

来自浙江大学附属第一医院祝胜美教授的研究：5083例实施硬膜外麻醉，严重并发症的发生率为1.36%：硬膜外血肿1例（0.02%），神经系统症状57例（1.12%），硬膜外穿刺后头疼7例（0.14%），局麻药全身毒性4例（0.08%）。其中一例永久性单侧下肢感觉异常

REGIONAL ANAESTHESIA AND PAIN THERAPY
Major complications of epidural anesthesia: a prospective study of 5083 cases at a single hospital

X.-H. KANG1,
F.-P. BAO1,
X.-X. XIONG1,
M. LI1,
T.-T. JIN1,
J. SHAO2 and
S.-M. ZHU1,*
Article first published online: 24 JUN 2014
DOI: 10.1111/aas.12360

Background
We undertook a prospective study of non-obstetric epidurals placed in surgical inpatients at a single teaching hospital to evaluate the incidence of and potential risk factors for major complications of continuous epidural anesthesia.

Methods
Demographic information, details of the epidural procedure, and complications (from the pre-anesthetic period through resolution) were recorded for more than 5000 surgical inpatients who underwent continuous epidural anesthesia in our institution between March 2009 and April 2011. The incidence of and risk factors for major complications were evaluated.

Results
During the study period, 5083 patients were interviewed and their details were recorded (98% capture rate). Sixty-nine (1.36%) experienced major complications: epidural hematoma in 1 patient (0.02%), post-operative neurologic deficits in 57 patients (1.12%), post-dural puncture headache in 7 patients (0.14%), and systemic local anesthetic toxicity in 4 patients (0.08%). Only one patient had permanent sequelae: unilateral lower limb paresthesia. Identified risk factors for neurologic deficits were as follows: American Society of Anesthesiologists status II–III, siting in the lumbar region, orthopedic and urologic surgery, multiple attempts to site an epidural, paresthesia during insertion, a history of neuraxial anesthesia, and use of patient-controlled epidural analgesia.

Conclusions
Serious complications were very rare; only one patient had permanent sequelae, and a single epidural hematoma was diagnosed. Post-operative neurologic deficits were more common, but most complications resolved spontaneously within 3 months and they rarely required intervention.


http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aas.12360/abstract