有奖中英文一句话互译活动

ml5448166

与分次肌肉注射镇痛药比较，老年人普胸术后ＰＣＥＡ及ＰＣＩＡ镇痛效果较好，术后早期ＰＯＤ及心肺并发症发生率低。

cpmpared to intramuscular analgesia,postoperative patient-controlled epidural or intravenous analgesia is better in providing analgesia and reducing the incidence rates of POD and postoperative cardiopulmonary complications in thoracic elderly patients.

出处：江苏医药２０１１年１１月第３７卷第２１期　Ｊｉａｎｇｓｕ　Ｍｅｄ　Ｊ，Ｎｏｖｅｍｂｅｒ　２０１１，Ｖｏｌ　３７，Ｎｏ．２１

dalei12345

吸气压力增加
Suction pressure to increase

泽陶

回复 1# shenxiu2


    控制性降压：（controlled hypotension）指在全麻手术下期间，在保证重要脏器氧供情况下，采用降压药物与技术等方法，人为的将平均动脉血压（MAP）减低至50~65mmHg使手术野出血量随血压降低而减少，不至有重要器官的缺血缺氧性损害，终止降压后血压可以迅速回复至正常水平，不产生永久性器官损害。
controlled hypotension：In general anesthesia during operation of important organs, in ensuring oxygen supply conditions, using of antihypertensive drugs and technology, human will mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) decreased to 50~65mmHg to ensure that the operation amount of bleeding with blood pressure is reduced, not to have the important organ ischemia hypoxia injury, after reducing blood pressure can be terminated rapid return to a normal level, does not have a permanent organ damage.

2046vip

what is the reason of  the headache after spinal anesthesia ?
腰麻后头痛的原因是什么？
Morgan Clinical Anesthesiology No. 496 摩根临床麻醉学

2046vip

Chapter 25 Rare and Coexisting Diseases
Stephen F. Dierdorf  J. Scott Walton
Key Points
The cytoskeleton of the muscle membrane in patients with muscular dystrophy is abnormal and is susceptible to damage from succinylcholine. Massive release of intracellular contents, including potassium, may occur.
Myotonic dystrophy produces cardiac conduction delay that can manifest as high-grade atrioventricular block.
Patients with myasthenia gravis are exquisitely sensitive to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Short-acting muscle relaxants and objective monitoring of neuromuscular function are indicated.
Many types of cancer, in addition to small cell lung carcinoma, can produce myasthenic syndrome.
Patients with multiple sclerosis should be advised that an exacerbation of their neurologic symptoms may occur during the perioperative period.
Repeated episodes of sickling in patients with sickle cell disease cause pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell patients is associated with increased mortality.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a multisystem disease that causes subclinical cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction.
Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have significant degeneration of the cervical spine with few neurologic symptoms. Cervical manipulation during laryngoscopy and intubation requires special precautions.
Esophageal dysfunction in patients with scleroderma or dermatomyositis increases the risk of aspiration pneumonitis.
Patients with epidermolysis bullosa can have undiagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy.
第25章  罕见疾病及合并疾病患者的麻醉

要点
肌营养不良患者肌膜细胞骨架异常，易受琥珀胆碱的破坏，琥珀胆碱可导致细胞内容物（包括钾）大量释放出来。
肌强直性营养不良可导致心脏传导延迟，表现为高度房室传导阻滞。
重症肌无力患者对非去极化肌松药相当敏感，应使用短效肌松药，并客观监测神经肌肉功能。
除小细胞肺癌外，很多癌症都可引起肌无力综合征。
应告知多发性硬化患者，围手术期神经症状会加重。
镰状细胞病患者反复镰状化会导致肺动脉高压，如果合并肺动脉高压，死亡率会增加。
类风湿关节炎是一个多系统疾病，可造成亚临床心功能不全和肺功能不全。
很多类风湿关节炎患者颈椎有明显变性，但几乎没有神经症状。在颈部进行喉镜操作和气管插管时要特别小心。
硬皮病或皮肌炎患者的食道功能不全会增加吸入性肺炎的风险。
大疱性表皮松解症患者可能有未诊断的扩张性心肌病。

出处：Clinical Anesthesia （6th edition）

郭娜

Anesthesiology 2012; 117:180–7

It is important to recognize that cardiovascular collapse from LAST is different from other more common causes of cardiac arrest, such as myocardial ischemia.In toxic cardiomyopathy, raising peripheral vascular resistance with potent vasopressors can impair cardiac output and impede resuscitation. Therefore, vasopressin is not considered useful in this setting, and epinephrine should be used in small doses (e.g., less than 1 ug/kg).Moreover,other agents that reduce contractility (e.g.,b-blockers,calcium channel blockers,or propofol) should be avoided when there is evidence of cardiovascular
instability.
     要充分认识到LAST所导致的心血管事件不同于其他常见原因的心脏事件，如：心肌缺血等。在心脏毒性事件中，使用血管活性药物升高外周血管的阻力会影响心输出量并阻碍复苏效果。因此，在这种情况下使用血管加压素是不利的，肾上腺素也应该使用小剂量（小于1ug/kg）。此外，存在心血管系统不稳定时，减少心肌收缩力的药物也应该避免使用（如b受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂、异丙酚等）。

浣海

回复 1# shenxiu2


    Hypotension
低氧血症

liuerxiao

The literature is replete with articles that both support and dismiss the use of NSAIDs for posttonsillectomy pain relief based on the risk of hemorrhage.文献充满了文章,都支持使用非甾体类抗炎药和解散缓解疼痛的posttonsillectomy基于出血的危险。

christinepoppy

Morgan Clinical Anesthesiology No. 838
We are happy that our manuscript can be accepted to publish in your Anesthesiology. We so
much appreciated your helps for revising our manuscri ...

试译一下：
我们很高兴我们的手稿被接受并登载在你的麻醉学里。

relly_ting

Very Low Tidal Volume Ventilation with Associated
Hypercapnia - Effects on Lung Injury in a Model for Acute
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Hans Fuchs
1
*, Marc R. Mendler
1
, Dominik Scharnbeck
1
, Michael Ebsen
2
, Helmut D. Hummler
1
1 Division  of  Neonatology  and  Pediatric  Critical  Care,  Department  of  Pediatrics  and  Adolescent  Medicine,  Ulm  University,  Ulm,  Germany,  2 Medizinisches
Versorgungszentrum Sta¨dtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Abstract
Background: Ventilation using low tidal volumes with permission of hypercapnia is recommended to protect the lung in
acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the most lung protective tidal volume in association with hypercapnia is
unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different tidal volumes with associated hypercapnia on lung
injury and gas exchange in a model for acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Methodology/Principal Findings:  In this randomized controlled experiment sixty-four surfactant-depleted rabbits were
exposed  to  6 hours  of  mechanical  ventilation  with  the  following  targets:  Group  1:  tidal  volume = 8–10 ml/kg/
PaCO 2 = 40 mm  Hg;  Group  2:  tidal  volume = 4–5 ml/kg/PaCO 2 = 80 mm  Hg;  Group  3:  tidal  volume = 3–4 ml/kg/
PaCO 2 = 120 mm Hg; Group 4: tidal volume = 2–3 ml/kg/PaCO 2 = 160 mm Hg. Decreased wet-dry weight ratios of the
lungs, lower histological lung injury scores and higher PaO 2 were found in all low tidal volume/hypercapnia groups (group
2, 3, 4) as compared to the group with conventional tidal volume/normocapnia (group 1). The reduction of the tidal volume
below  4–5 ml/kg  did  not  enhance  lung  protection.  However,  oxygenation  and  lung  protection  were  maintained  at
extremely low tidal volumes in association with very severe hypercapnia and no adverse hemodynamic effects were
observed with this strategy.
Conclusion: Ventilation with low tidal volumes and associated hypercapnia was lung protective. A tidal volume below 4–
5 ml/kg/PaCO 2 80 mm Hg with concomitant more severe hypercapnic acidosis did not increase lung protection in this
surfactant deficiency model. However, even at extremely low tidal volumes in association with severe hypercapnia lung
protection and oxygenation were maintained.
背景：
       低潮气量机械通气复合允许性高碳酸血症在急性呼吸窘迫综合症治疗中有肺保护作用。然而在允许性高碳酸血症下，最佳肺保护潮气量是不清楚的。本研究是在呼吸窘迫综合症模型中，允许性高碳酸血症下，不同潮气量对肺损伤和气体交换的影响。
方法学以及试验结果：
     在随机选择64只表面活性物质耗尽的兔子行6小时机械通气，以下面分组：G1:TV = 8–10 ml/kg, PaCO 2 = 40 mmHg;  G2: TV = 4–5 ml/kg ,PaCO 2 = 80mm Hg;  G3: TV= 3–4 ml/kg, PaCO 2 = 120 mmHg; G4: TV = 2–3 ml/kg, PaCO 2 = 160 mmHg，去除肺干湿比重，降低组织学上肺损伤分值。较高的氧分压在所有低潮气量复合高碳酸血症组（2.3.4组与传统潮气量和正常碳酸血症患者）。潮气量减少到低于4-5ml/kg并没有增加肺保护作用。然后，氧化作用和肺保护仍然存在在极低潮气量以及严重的高碳酸血症是，没有观察到对血流动力学造成副作用。
结论：
  低潮气量机械通气以及允许性高碳酸血症有肺保护作用。在肺表面活性物质缺乏的模型中，当潮气量低于4-5ml/Kg, PaCO 2 = 80 mm Hg伴随着呼吸性酸中毒，并不增加肺保护作用。然后，即便在极低的低潮气量复合高碳酸血症仍然有肺保护作用以及氧合作用。
文章见于：plos one 2011.08.6(8) 1-7

quxianyou

Maternal anaesthesia risk coefficient
产妇的麻醉风险系数

tianshuxing315

Tachpnea is not always associated with hyperventilation, which is defined by increased alvealar ventilation resulting in a lower arterial carbon dioxide level. 呼吸急促不是都伴有过度换气，过度换气的定义是肺泡通气量增高引起动脉血二氧化碳水平降低

cd651140369

困难气道：具有五年以上临床麻醉经验的麻醉科医师在面罩通气时遇到了困难（上呼吸道梗阻），或气管插管时遇到了困难，或两者兼有的一种临床情况。
The definition of difficult spirit way is:Have for more than five years the clinical anaesthesia is empirical anaesthesia doctor Ke met a difficulty(up breath way block) when the mask ventilates, or the windpipe met a difficulty while putting a tube, or both and a kind of clinical circumstance for having.

zails

An understanding of the components of the anaesthetic system is essential for the safe practice of anaesthesia
了解麻醉装置的组成部分对安全实施麻醉非常重要

chenhewei188

A man\'s life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.

I will dedicate my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.

人的生命是有限的,可是,为人民服务是无限的,我要把有限的生命,投入到无限的为人民服务之中去.