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Over the past 30 years, regional anesthesia has progressively become a major technique of pain management in surgical and nonsurgical pediatric patients. It was made easier and safer by the development of needles and catheters specifically designed for pediatric patients. Over the years, many pediatric studies involving large series of patients from the neonatal period to the end of adolescence have evaluated virtually all techniques of nerve blockade, thus allowing precise delimitation of their indications, contraindications, and adverse effects. With the use of nerve stimulators, peripheral blocks can now be safely achieved in anesthetized patients provided that no muscle relaxants had been previously administered.
在过去的30年中,区域麻醉在外科手术和非手术儿科病人麻醉管理已逐步成为一个主要的技术。通过发展专为儿科病人设计的针头和导管使得区域麻醉更容易和更安全。多年来,通过对一系列新生儿期到青春期结束期间大量儿科病人的研究已经对所有神经阻滞技术进行实际评估,从而准确界定适应症、禁忌症和不良影响。随着神经刺激仪器的应用,神经阻滞技术现在能安全成功对没有肌肉松弛病人麻醉的术前管理。
原文来自Miller_s_Anesthesia_7Ed_2009 {米勒麻醉学第七版引文版}翻译不恰当的地方还请指正。。。 |
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