本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-4-20 23:16 编辑
Conclusions. The side effects of intrathecally administered fentanyl were concentration-dependent, although no neuronal tissue damage, inflammation, or irreversible neurodysfunction were observed even at 5,000 μg/mL.
结论：鞘内注射芬太尼产生的（呼吸抑制、肌颤、心动过缓等）副作用呈浓度相关性，（神经毒性方面）当浓度高达5,000 μg/mL.时，没有发现明显的神经元损伤、感染以及不可逆的神经功能丧失。
Sayano F，et al，Intrathecally Administered Fentanyl in a Rat Spinal Model，Article first published online: 4 APR 2011
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本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-4-20 23:17 编辑
Patients with myasthenia gravis are exquisitely sensitive to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Short-acting muscle relaxants and objective monitoring of neuromuscular function are indicated.重症肌无力患者对非去极化肌松药相当敏感，应使用短效肌松药，并客观监测神经肌肉功能。
出处：Clinical Anesthesia （6th edition）
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本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-5-20 20:16 编辑
低温CPB可降低脑代谢，加深麻醉深度，脑代谢与麻醉深度的变化并不完全一致。AAI与BIS可在一定程度上部分反映大脑的代谢水平。
CPB hypothermia can reduce cerebral metabolism, and to deepen the depth of anesthesia, cerebral metabolism and changes in the depth of anesthesia is not entirely consistent. AAI and BIS may be a certain extent, in part reflecting the brain's metabolism.
中华麻醉学杂志 低温体外循环中心脏瓣膜置换术患者脑代谢与麻醉深度的变化作者:陈斌 刘斌 陈果 吴嘉宾
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The primary goals of general anesthesia are to maintain the health and safety of the patient while providing amnesia, analgesia, and optimal surgical conditions.
全麻的首要目标是在病人意识消失/止痛/为手术创造l理想条件的同时保证其健康和安全！（麻省麻醉手册）
本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-5-20 20:19 编辑
产后发生神经并发症时硬膜外镇痛受指责？Is the epidural analgesia to blame when it comes to neurological complications following labor?
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术中寒战是麻醉中常见的并发症，麻醉后寒战的发生率在5%～65%,而剖宫产手术中其发生率可高达57%。
Intraoperative shivering is a common complication of anesthesia, the incidence of shivering after anesthesia in 5% to 65%, while the incidence of cesarean delivery can be as high as 57%.
本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-5-21 18:19 编辑
what is the reason ofthe headache after spinal anesthesia ?
什么是脊髓麻醉后头痛头痛的原因？
摩根临床麻醉学No. 496
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本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-6-18 21:07 编辑
Cardiac arrest attributable to anesthesia occurs from 0.5 to 1 case per 10 000 interventions.Pediatric cases show a higher incidence(1.4–4.6 per 10 000).However,
with the increasing age of patients,preexisting disease or trauma,and new surgical interventions cardiac arrests remain a serious concern.Environmental considerations
are gradually becoming more important than mere technological improvements,and educational inputs try to create safer surroundings by recognizing human factors such
as efficient communication,awareness,error culture,crew resources utilization,and preparedness for more effective crisis management.
因为麻醉发生的心跳骤停的大约在每10000例麻醉中0.5至1例，小儿的发生率较高为每10000例中有1.4-4.6例，然而随着病人年龄的增加，先前存在的疾病或者创伤和新的外科手术干预导致的心跳骤停仍然是非常值得关注的问题，环境因素逐渐变得比技术的提高更重要了，通过认识人性因素的教育投入正设法创造更安全的环境，例如有效的交流，提高意识，错误培养，人员资源的利用，更有效处理危险的前期准备。
出处：Cardiac arrest during anesthesia
Mathias Zuercher and Wolfgang Ummenhofer
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本帖最后由 shenxiu2 于 2011-6-18 21:08 编辑
A 50-yr-old female, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1, is scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.一位50岁中年女性，美国麻醉医师全身状态评分1，被安排接受腹腔镜下胆囊切除术
出处：《clinical anethesia：clinical anethesia: Near Misses and Lessons
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Introduction 气管插管