A New Method of Structural Optimization Design ——Modified Feasible Direction Method
结构优化设计的一种新方法——改进的可行方向法
A New Method for Identification of Differences between Different Genomes
鉴定不同基因组之间差异序列的新方法研究
Development of a New Method for Gene Diagnosis of G6PD Deficiency and Its Genetic Analysis
G6PD缺乏症基因诊断新方法的建立及遗传学分析
Clinical value of aprotinin blood anesthesia in radical excision of esophageal carcinoma
抑肽酶的血液保护作用在食管癌根治术麻醉中的使用价值
Conclusions Aprotinin blood anesthesia and TEG monitor can stabilize the coagulable state,reduce the volumes and rates of hemorrhage and transfusion,and is worth using in the surgery of normal operations of gynecologic malignancy.
结论 血栓弹性描记图的监测和抑肽酶血液麻醉的运用在妇科恶性肿瘤根治手术中具有稳定凝血功能状态、减少围手术期出血量、输血量和输血率的作用 ,具有较高的应用价值。
A. Red cell transfusion: Intraoperative and postoperative management of potential or
actual blood loss includes: (1) monitoring the amount of blood loss, (2) monitoring hemoglobin
or hematocrit, (3) monitoring for the presence of inadequate perfusion and oxygenation of vital
organs (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, blood oxygen saturation), and (4)
transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells or autologous blood (i.e., normovolemic hemodilution
and intraoperative red blood cell recovery).
输红细胞：术中和术后可能或实际失血的处理包括:(1)监测失血量;(2)监测血红蛋白和红细胞压积;(3)监测生命器官的氧合和灌注是否不足(如血压、心率、体温、血氧饱和度);(4)输注同种红细胞或自体血(如等容血液稀释和术中红细胞回收)。
Management of coagulopathy:
Intraoperative and postoperative management of
potential or actual coagulopathy includes: (1) visual assessment of the surgical field and
laboratory monitoring for coagulopathy, (2) transfusion of platelets, (3) transfusion of freshfrozen
plasma, (4) transfusion of cryoprecipitate, (5) administration of drugs to treat excessive
bleeding (e.g., desmopressin, topical hemostatics), and (6) recombinant activated factor VII.
Visual assessment of the surgical field is standard practice and entails assessments of the
presence of microvascular bleeding and the extent of blood present. Laboratory monitoring
includes point-of-care intraoperative or postoperative assessments. In a bleeding patient,
obtaining coagulation tests is also standard practice, and the literature suggests that coagulation
test results correlate with perioperative blood loss, depending on the type of fluid used for
intravascular volume replacement. The literature supports the use of desmopressin and topical
hemostatics to treat excessive bleeding. Although there are insufficient numbers of published
clinical trials assessing the efficacy of recombinant activated factor VII in treating excessive
microvascular bleeding (i.e., coagulopathy), multiple case reports indicate its efficacy as a rescue
drug when standard therapy has failed.
凝血障碍的处理
术中或术后凝血障碍处理包括:(1)肉眼评估手术野和检测凝血指标;(2)输注血小板;(3)新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)输注;(4)冷沉淀输注;(5)使用药物治疗大失血(如去氨加压素、表面止血剂);(6)重组活化Ⅶ因子。
肉眼评估手术野是一种标准方法,而且也是评价微血管出血和失血量所必需。实验室监测包括术中或术后床旁评估。失血病人的凝血检查也是标准的方法,文献提示凝血检测结果与围手术期失血相关,它取决于血管内扩容量所用的液体种类。文献支持使用去氨加压素和表面止血剂治疗大量出血。虽然还没有足够量的已发表的临床研究证明重组活化Ⅶ因子治疗微血管出血有效,但许多个案报告了在标准治疗失败后它是有效的急救药物。
诱导会使病人失去意识，反射也会被抑制
Will induce the patient to lose consciousness,reflection will be constrained
From:Clinical Anesthesia Procesures of the Massachusetts General Hospital
诱导会使病人失去意识，反射也会被抑制
Will induce the patient to lose consciousness,reflection will be constrained
From:Clinical Anesthesia Procesures of the Massachusetts General Hospital
wen0003 发表于 2010-1-20 10:58 http://www.xqnmz.com/images/common/back.gif
May I suggest abetter way of translating this sentence:
Induction ( of Anesthesia) will cause the patient to lose consciousness , and the reflexes will also be suppressed.
The "反射" heremeans the coughing reflex, laryngeal reflexes, withdrawal reflexto painful stimuli,etc.
"Reflection" is used in mirror reflection , light reflection , sound waves reflection , etc.
It is a good attempt . Keep it up . 这是个很好的尝试,再接再厉.
Inspiratory time is measured from the beginning of inspiration to the beginning of exhalation .
吸气时间测定是从吸气开始到呼气开始。
Expiratory time is measured from the beginning of exhalation to the beginning of the next inspiration.
呼气时间测定是呼气开始到下一次呼气开始。
出处：Ventilator Waveforms， 2003 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. All rights reserved.P15.
57# yzwg123
Expiratory time is measured from the beginning of exhalation to the beginning of the next inspiration.
呼气时间测定是呼气开始到下一次呼气开始。
这里的"呼气" 应该是"吸气" 吧?:)
使用麻醉药品的医务人员必须具有医师以上专业技术职务并经考核能正确使用麻醉药品。进行计划生育手术的医务人员经考核能正确使用麻醉药品的，在进行手术期间有麻醉药品处方权。
The medical worker who prescribes any anaesthetics for the patient must be a qualified physician or a surgeon, who is tested to have been able to use such drugs properly. The surgeon attheinducedabortionwardwhois tested to have been able to use such drugs properly may have the right to prescribe anaesthetics for the person to be operated on.
I can't rest on my laurels any more! For me, for my patients!
我不能再止步不前了，为了我自己，为了我的病人。
Intermittent mandatory ventilation
With intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), breaths are delivered at a preset interval, and spontaneous breathing is allowed between ventilator-administered breaths.
IMV呼吸模式
在IMV呼吸模式，呼吸按照一定的预设间隔完成，并允许在呼吸机管理的呼吸中可以有自主呼吸。
出处：
http://www.xqnmz.com/thread-11335-1-1.html