PLMA(双管喉罩)放置成功率高,诱导、苏醒期血流动力学平稳,术中通气情况良好,术后并发症少.
PLMA (dual pipe laryngeal mask) placed a high success rate, induced smooth emergence hemodynamic, intraoperative ventilation in good condition, less post-operative complications.
临床麻醉学杂志 ,双管喉罩在小儿麻醉中的应用2012第一期
Why should anesthesiologists be concerned about nausea and vomiting
为什么麻醉科医生必须关注恶心与呕吐？
The success of surgery is inextricably interwinded with flawless administractin of anesthesia . team up
手术的成功与平稳麻醉息息相关,与麻醉科医生结成良好团队。
Definition of General Anesthesia
麻醉的普遍定义：
General anesthesia(GA) is the state of reversible unconsciousness with analgesia, through the administration of anesthetic drugs. It is used during certain medical and surgical procedures.
麻醉药吸入、静脉、肌注或直肠灌注进入体内，使中枢神经系统抑制，意识消失、无疼痛感觉的可逆状态。
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Tracheal extubation is a high-risk phase of anaesthesia. The majority of problems that occur during extubation and emergence are of a minor nature, but a small and significant number may result in injury or death.
气道气管插管是麻醉过程中的高风险阶段。虽然拔管时发生和暴露的主要问题是少见的类型，但是很小并且值得注意的问题可能导致伤害和死亡。
出处：2008年中华医学会全国麻醉学术年会，Anesthesiology：Advancing the Practice of Medicine
Selecting an induction technique is dependent on the degree of cardiac dysfunction, the cardiac defect, the degree of sedation provided by the premedication, and the presence or absence of an indwelling venous catheter. The maintenance of anesthesia depends on the age and condition of the patient, the nature of the surgical procedure, the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and the need for postoperative ventilation.
选择诱导方式依赖于心功能障碍的程度，心脏畸形，麻醉前用药提供的镇静作用程度和有无静脉插管。麻醉维持依赖于年龄和患者自身条件、外科操作的性质、心肺分流持续期和术后通气必要性。
出处：米勒麻醉学 chapter-51Anesthesia for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
A physician know everything but can do nothing; a surgeon can do everything but know nothing; only the anesthetist know everthing and can do everything!
内科医师什么都懂却什么都不能做；外科医师什么都能做但什么都不懂；只有麻醉医师什么都懂而且什么都能做！
摘自一位英国著名医学家所言
Spinal neostigmine 25 microg added to hyperbaric bupivacaine and fentanyl provided a significantly longer surgical analgesia and insignificant adverse effects in male adults who had lower abdominal surgery under spinal anaesthesia.
对行脊麻的下腹部手术的成年男性病人，联合注射25mg新斯的明、重比重布比卡因和芬太尼可以明显延长手术镇痛的时间及减轻药物副作用。
出处：Afr J Med Med Sci. 2012 Jun;41(2):231-7.
Analgesic effect of intrathecal neostigmine combined with bupivacaine and fentanyl