椎管内麻醉的并发症
Intraspinal anesthesia complication
出自现代麻醉学
Esophageal dysfunction in patients with scleroderma or dermatomyositis increases the risk of aspiration pneumonitis.
硬皮病或皮肌炎患者的食道功能不全会增加吸入性肺炎的风险。Clinical Anesthesia （6th edition）
It is essential to ask for assistance before anaesthetising patients who have been assessed as having potentially difficult airways.
术前评估存在潜在性困难气道的患者麻醉前寻求他人协助有必要的。
出处：How To Survive In Anaesthesia 3rd Ed Chapter 4 Failed intubation drill
The oxygenator substitutes for the patient’s native lungs and performs the essential function of gas exchange.
氧合器充当患者的肺并承担着基本的换气功能
MillersAnesthesia P1403
A physician know everything but can do nothing;
内科医师什么都懂却什么都不能做；
WHO?
Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have significant degeneration of the cervical spine with few neurologic symptoms. Cervical manipulation during laryngoscopy and intubation requires special precautions.
很多类风湿关节炎患者颈椎有明显变性，但几乎没有神经症状。在颈部进行喉镜操作和气管插管时要特别小心。
麻醉总结及计划
Anesthesia for summing up and planning
Transfusion Strategies for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
急性上消化道出血的输血治疗策略
The hemoglobin threshold for transfusion of red cells in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding is controversial. We compared the efficacy and safety of a restrictive transfusion strategy with those of a liberal transfusion strategy.
对于急性消化道出血病人，在血红蛋白低于多少才应给予输血治疗一直存在争议。
在此，我们对开放性输血和限制性输血两种输血策略安全性和有效性进行了比较。
-------摘自http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1211801?query=featured_home
回复 1# shenxiu2
An adrenergic drug, C9H13NO2, that is a powerful vasoconstrictor and is used to relieve nasal congestion, dilate the pupils, and maintain blood pressure during anesthesia.
肾上腺素一种肾上腺素的药剂，c9h13no2，它是一种很强的血管收缩剂，可用于麻醉过程中减轻鼻充血、扩大瞳孔和稳定血压
回复 1# shenxiu2
蓝图双语图书，麻醉学，主译赵世光
p2第一句Inhaled anesthetics remian the cornerstone for the practice of anethesia.
吸入麻醉目前为止仍是临床麻醉的基石。