The i-gel is a new single-use, noninflatable supraglottic airway for use in anaesthesia during spontaneous or intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Its wider and shorter stem suggests that it may be an ideal conduit for intubation using a fibrescope; a size 4 i-gel has a channel length of 192 mm and aninternal diameter of 12.3 mm and will accept a 7-mm cuffed tracheal tube (of external diameter 9.5 mm) with enough protrusion beyond the mask to pass the cuff of the tracheal tube into the trachea(Fig. 2).
i-gel喉罩是一种全新的一次性使用，无需充气的上声门通气器械，可以用于对自主呼吸或者间歇性正压机械通气的患者进行麻醉。它的气管通道设计得比较宽并且比较短看上去会是通过纤支镜辅助插管的一个理想工具。4号的i-gel通气管长192mm,内径大约为12.3mm,可以通过一根带囊的7.0mm的气管插管（气管查管的外径是9.5mm）气管插管可以通过i-gel喉罩的罩杯处达到气管处，从而完成辅助插管！
出自：Anaesthesia, 2007, 62, pages 412–423 Correspondence 2007 The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland
BT (bleeding time) [出血时间]
•CT (coagulation time) [凝血时间]
•PT (prothrombin time)[凝血酶原时间]
•ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间]
•KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)[部分凝血活酶时间]
•Fb (fibrinogen)[纤维蛋白原]
•FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)[纤维蛋白原降解产物]
•ABG (arterial blood gas)[血气分析]
Objective To explore the possibility and security of tracheal e xtubation in the operation room after open heart surgery in children under fenta nyl-isoflurane anesthesia.
目的探讨芬太尼、异氟醚复合麻醉下小儿体外循环心脏手术后手术室拔除气管导管的可能性、安全性。
吸气压力增加
Suction pressure to increase
Glutamate signaling of the glial cells contributed to the structural and functional integrity of the cerebellar network.
神经胶质细胞的谷氨酸信号系统维持着有助于小脑的网络结构和功能的完整性。
摘自--This Week in SCIENCE【10 August 2012, 337 (6095)】
Crucial Cerebellar Glial Cells
小脑中至关重要的神经胶质细胞
occipitial neuritis 枕神经炎
intercostal neuritis肋间神经炎
brachial plexus neuritis臂丛神经炎
回复 20# wycfeiyu 希望论坛越来越好！！
Postoperative QT-interval prolongation is common. Several perioperatively administered drugs are associated with a substantial QT-interval prolongation. The exact cause and its clinical relevance are, however, unclear. Nevertheless, an association between postoperative QT prolongation and risk for torsades de pointes is likely.
围术期QT间期延长普遍存在，一些围术期管理的药物可能引起明显的QT间期延长。 有关他们引起QT间期延长的确切病因及临床意义，目前还不清楚。 然而，尖端扭转术后QT间期延长和风险之间的关联是可能的。
Anesthesiology:
August 2012 - Volume 117 - Issue 2 - p 321–328
Chapter 25 Rare and Coexisting Diseases
Stephen F. DierdorfJ. Scott Walton
Key Points
The cytoskeleton of the muscle membrane in patients with muscular dystrophy is abnormal and is susceptible to damage from succinylcholine. Massive release of intracellular contents, including potassium, may occur.
Myotonic dystrophy produces cardiac conduction delay that can manifest as high-grade atrioventricular block.
Patients with myasthenia gravis are exquisitely sensitive to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Short-acting muscle relaxants and objective monitoring of neuromuscular function are indicated.
Many types of cancer, in addition to small cell lung carcinoma, can produce myasthenic syndrome.
Patients with multiple sclerosis should be advised that an exacerbation of their neurologic symptoms may occur during the perioperative period.
Repeated episodes of sickling in patients with sickle cell disease cause pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell patients is associated with increased mortality.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a multisystem disease that causes subclinical cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction.
Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have significant degeneration of the cervical spine with few neurologic symptoms. Cervical manipulation during laryngoscopy and intubation requires special precautions.
Esophageal dysfunction in patients with scleroderma or dermatomyositis increases the risk of aspiration pneumonitis.
Patients with epidermolysis bullosa can have undiagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy.
第25章罕见疾病及合并疾病患者的麻醉
要点
肌营养不良患者肌膜细胞骨架异常，易受琥珀胆碱的破坏，琥珀胆碱可导致细胞内容物（包括钾）大量释放出来。
肌强直性营养不良可导致心脏传导延迟，表现为高度房室传导阻滞。
重症肌无力患者对非去极化肌松药相当敏感，应使用短效肌松药，并客观监测神经肌肉功能。
除小细胞肺癌外，很多癌症都可引起肌无力综合征。
应告知多发性硬化患者，围手术期神经症状会加重。
镰状细胞病患者反复镰状化会导致肺动脉高压，如果合并肺动脉高压，死亡率会增加。
类风湿关节炎是一个多系统疾病，可造成亚临床心功能不全和肺功能不全。
很多类风湿关节炎患者颈椎有明显变性，但几乎没有神经症状。在颈部进行喉镜操作和气管插管时要特别小心。
硬皮病或皮肌炎患者的食道功能不全会增加吸入性肺炎的风险。
大疱性表皮松解症患者可能有未诊断的扩张性心肌病。
出处：Clinical Anesthesia （6th edition）
With psoriasis vulgaris for the following reasons can be transformed into severe sepsis stanching type, type, this erythrodermic psoriasis.
寻常型银屑病由于以下原因可转化为严重的关节病型、脓庖型、红皮病型银屑病。
With psoriasis vulgaris for the following reasons can be transformed into severe sepsis stanching type, type, this erythrodermic psoriasis.
寻常型银屑病由于以下原因可转化为严重的关节病型、脓庖型、红皮病型银屑病。
It was suggested that labor may influence the spread of intrathecal bupivacaine using combined spinal epidural (CSE) technique.
研究表明产程会对腰硬联合阻滞麻醉过程中鞘内布比卡因的扩散产程影响。
出处：Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2012;2012:187132. Epub 2012 Jun 20.